Block #291,200

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/3/2013, 1:37:37 AM · Difficulty 9.9897 · 6,551,697 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3084da98ae26651745a94f3158a43858e0881bbe6b9603c2649e42aa608e37c3

Height

#291,200

Difficulty

9.989730

Transactions

1

Size

971 B

Version

2

Bits

09fd5eed

Nonce

3,444

Timestamp

12/3/2013, 1:37:37 AM

Confirmations

6,551,697

Merkle Root

a0aedbbf20e6fb1c52ac7405e5f093d7f5686b8dc44f79bc9a6ae77ea4da618a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.467 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
34675503305893824638…00366811934853502401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.467 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
34675503305893824638…00366811934853502401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.935 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
69351006611787649276…00733623869707004801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.387 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13870201322357529855…01467247739414009601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.774 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
27740402644715059710…02934495478828019201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.548 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
55480805289430119421…05868990957656038401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.109 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11096161057886023884…11737981915312076801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.219 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
22192322115772047768…23475963830624153601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.438 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
44384644231544095536…46951927661248307201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.876 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
88769288463088191073…93903855322496614401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.775 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
17753857692617638214…87807710644993228801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,987,524 XPM·at block #6,842,896 · updates every 60s
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