Block #290,106

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/2/2013, 12:54:56 PM · Difficulty 9.9890 · 6,519,362 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
40dad314f6af7f68bc538e1af409d2dfb97a1b0a5a2da67692967fc150e2288e

Height

#290,106

Difficulty

9.988997

Transactions

8

Size

1.88 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fd2ee1

Nonce

21,531

Timestamp

12/2/2013, 12:54:56 PM

Confirmations

6,519,362

Merkle Root

f1f05eaf5bb24e49e5d3a1f6907e832ea33b41000bbefb69d8208d95748945fd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.502 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
45026982754954258741…01944279528333830081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.502 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
45026982754954258741…01944279528333830081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.005 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
90053965509908517482…03888559056667660161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.801 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
18010793101981703496…07777118113335320321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.602 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
36021586203963406992…15554236226670640641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.204 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
72043172407926813985…31108472453341281281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.440 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
14408634481585362797…62216944906682562561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.881 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
28817268963170725594…24433889813365125121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.763 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
57634537926341451188…48867779626730250241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.152 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
11526907585268290237…97735559253460500481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.305 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
23053815170536580475…95471118506921000961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,719,815 XPM·at block #6,809,467 · updates every 60s
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