Block #289,585

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/2/2013, 7:00:19 AM · Difficulty 9.9886 · 6,506,719 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f57d51c6a2cc7821f24afde0be508a2f269da288da4eb6afd407e72dd1ccd450

Height

#289,585

Difficulty

9.988611

Transactions

7

Size

1.99 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fd159f

Nonce

3,987

Timestamp

12/2/2013, 7:00:19 AM

Confirmations

6,506,719

Merkle Root

a14e659863fe556d6caf651d4470c5793014ef7085da7316964d5c630d0b2ddb
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.018 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
80188230245468922147…07232755600039133001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.018 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
80188230245468922147…07232755600039133001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.603 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
16037646049093784429…14465511200078266001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.207 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
32075292098187568859…28931022400156532001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.415 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
64150584196375137718…57862044800313064001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.283 × 10¹⁰⁸(109-digit number)
12830116839275027543…15724089600626128001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.566 × 10¹⁰⁸(109-digit number)
25660233678550055087…31448179201252256001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.132 × 10¹⁰⁸(109-digit number)
51320467357100110174…62896358402504512001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.026 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
10264093471420022034…25792716805009024001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.052 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
20528186942840044069…51585433610018048001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,614,428 XPM·at block #6,796,303 · updates every 60s
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