Block #289,033

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/2/2013, 12:44:43 AM · Difficulty 9.9882 · 6,522,018 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
55275ae46b52e05866041a0e5bf55495fcd842cd09a62c036efbcfba901c2636

Height

#289,033

Difficulty

9.988185

Transactions

23

Size

5.80 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fcf9b1

Nonce

19,410

Timestamp

12/2/2013, 12:44:43 AM

Confirmations

6,522,018

Merkle Root

d2f6e493c270cafb6e95eb8025bdf3e2e2bb3dee57b22a0fa7e5d6813e8460a1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.771 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
67713662454570814939…36161941203497172799
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.771 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
67713662454570814939…36161941203497172799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.771 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
67713662454570814939…36161941203497172801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.354 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
13542732490914162987…72323882406994345599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.354 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
13542732490914162987…72323882406994345601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.708 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
27085464981828325975…44647764813988691199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.708 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
27085464981828325975…44647764813988691201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.417 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
54170929963656651951…89295529627977382399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.417 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
54170929963656651951…89295529627977382401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.083 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
10834185992731330390…78591059255954764799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.083 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
10834185992731330390…78591059255954764801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,732,520 XPM·at block #6,811,050 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.

Cookie Preferences

We use cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for the site to function, while others help us understand how you use the site.

·Privacy Policy