Block #288,643

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/1/2013, 8:24:12 PM · Difficulty 9.9879 · 6,510,676 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
47c12574327ef2075ecf5a51ef63c794ced3e00d4aab0a286e794bb912cfdeda

Height

#288,643

Difficulty

9.987867

Transactions

23

Size

6.21 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fce4d6

Nonce

319

Timestamp

12/1/2013, 8:24:12 PM

Confirmations

6,510,676

Merkle Root

ee9dabe1c167c1284cd3af69d420d3e24f3e0c2ca2978f2fe985c7f16a421050
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.156 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11568873419631892331…87737443890195786561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.156 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11568873419631892331…87737443890195786561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.313 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
23137746839263784662…75474887780391573121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.627 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
46275493678527569324…50949775560783146241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.255 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
92550987357055138649…01899551121566292481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.851 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
18510197471411027729…03799102243132584961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.702 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
37020394942822055459…07598204486265169921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.404 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
74040789885644110919…15196408972530339841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.480 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
14808157977128822183…30392817945060679681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.961 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
29616315954257644367…60785635890121359361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,638,600 XPM·at block #6,799,318 · updates every 60s
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