Block #2,882,361

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 10/15/2018, 4:10:29 PM · Difficulty 11.6297 · 3,960,662 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
fadac20d0eba5e30623207ca6b4678a3a81d9d00d90019c5e0283a6d37996a4c

Height

#2,882,361

Difficulty

11.629678

Transactions

6

Size

2.28 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ba13299

Nonce

883,233,105

Timestamp

10/15/2018, 4:10:29 PM

Confirmations

3,960,662

Merkle Root

12a176cd9fc63aaa4ba9964655e06b402333548aa20792c01eaa42c9a4fd4433
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.124 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
61240430712428803814…00199456912590394879
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.124 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
61240430712428803814…00199456912590394879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.124 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
61240430712428803814…00199456912590394881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.224 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12248086142485760762…00398913825180789759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.224 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12248086142485760762…00398913825180789761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.449 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24496172284971521525…00797827650361579519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.449 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24496172284971521525…00797827650361579521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.899 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48992344569943043051…01595655300723159039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.899 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48992344569943043051…01595655300723159041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
9.798 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
97984689139886086103…03191310601446318079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
9.798 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
97984689139886086103…03191310601446318081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.959 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19596937827977217220…06382621202892636159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,988,537 XPM·at block #6,843,022 · updates every 60s
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