1. #6,809,619TWN11 primes

    Bi-Twin · ⛏️ coinsforall.io

Block #288,038

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/1/2013, 1:57:03 PM · Difficulty 9.9873 · 6,521,582 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
62142985cff9a0219c01dfaaec149109b6231d171a8df36134c9f54d6de638fd

Height

#288,038

Difficulty

9.987306

Transactions

16

Size

5.27 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fcc011

Nonce

66,555

Timestamp

12/1/2013, 1:57:03 PM

Confirmations

6,521,582

Merkle Root

24aa8788426ab5e3dfa957772f3d0e3e1c2fcb1bfe5dc79ffaddfa79f904f095
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.989 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29890180512051470984…27805200469789083199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.989 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29890180512051470984…27805200469789083199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.989 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29890180512051470984…27805200469789083201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.978 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59780361024102941969…55610400939578166399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.978 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59780361024102941969…55610400939578166401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.195 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11956072204820588393…11220801879156332799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.195 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11956072204820588393…11220801879156332801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.391 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23912144409641176787…22441603758312665599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.391 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23912144409641176787…22441603758312665601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.782 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
47824288819282353575…44883207516625331199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.782 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
47824288819282353575…44883207516625331201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,721,037 XPM·at block #6,809,619 · updates every 60s
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