Block #285,543

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/30/2013, 1:03:08 PM · Difficulty 9.9844 · 6,525,354 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
0f974fa708e07fb2b65481809d004ad767fbdd69dfcf65bb7079221ace5077b2

Height

#285,543

Difficulty

9.984431

Transactions

2

Size

1.14 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fc03a6

Nonce

6,967

Timestamp

11/30/2013, 1:03:08 PM

Confirmations

6,525,354

Merkle Root

7c066d9ddb25b57eda7d181a57f01f8858a55c15f6362e8e15689f863489d1f7
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.078 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
90788037119017634570…57082480376278789121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.078 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
90788037119017634570…57082480376278789121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.815 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18157607423803526914…14164960752557578241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.631 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36315214847607053828…28329921505115156481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.263 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
72630429695214107656…56659843010230312961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.452 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14526085939042821531…13319686020460625921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.905 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29052171878085643062…26639372040921251841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.810 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
58104343756171286125…53278744081842503681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.162 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11620868751234257225…06557488163685007361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.324 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23241737502468514450…13114976327370014721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,731,274 XPM·at block #6,810,896 · updates every 60s
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