Block #285,325

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/30/2013, 11:11:30 AM · Difficulty 9.9841 · 6,518,683 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
23bfdd3aaccb694dce6d8412ae27dbc43094666fa38084c447d9d1deab9a8103

Height

#285,325

Difficulty

9.984094

Transactions

8

Size

2.66 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fbed95

Nonce

90,031

Timestamp

11/30/2013, 11:11:30 AM

Confirmations

6,518,683

Merkle Root

60d4768bab8dd3f3fc8b2807bfd3cdc57837eb7f5d37e3574f96ad2044ceecd7
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.079 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
70795576191299923566…60446957478954157981
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.079 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
70795576191299923566…60446957478954157981
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.415 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14159115238259984713…20893914957908315961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.831 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28318230476519969426…41787829915816631921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.663 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
56636460953039938853…83575659831633263841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.132 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11327292190607987770…67151319663266527681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.265 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22654584381215975541…34302639326533055361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.530 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
45309168762431951082…68605278653066110721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.061 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
90618337524863902164…37210557306132221441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.812 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18123667504972780432…74421114612264442881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,676,112 XPM·at block #6,804,007 · updates every 60s
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