Block #285,131

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/30/2013, 9:33:31 AM · Difficulty 9.9838 · 6,509,509 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
25ed1bdf1310236a55871c9695c545d36518924b5d51169d6c815d4553cbaea6

Height

#285,131

Difficulty

9.983784

Transactions

16

Size

4.99 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fbd946

Nonce

52,646

Timestamp

11/30/2013, 9:33:31 AM

Confirmations

6,509,509

Merkle Root

031fa3d22c0e376d4a6dfbd2bef47450b0ec91d2e5f48b912845e15e2dccf31f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.001 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
10011597083358554561…15185530776651231601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.001 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
10011597083358554561…15185530776651231601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.002 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
20023194166717109123…30371061553302463201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.004 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
40046388333434218246…60742123106604926401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.009 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
80092776666868436493…21484246213209852801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.601 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
16018555333373687298…42968492426419705601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.203 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
32037110666747374597…85936984852839411201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.407 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
64074221333494749194…71873969705678822401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.281 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12814844266698949838…43747939411357644801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.562 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
25629688533397899677…87495878822715289601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.125 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
51259377066795799355…74991757645430579201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,601,167 XPM·at block #6,794,639 · updates every 60s
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