Block #2,850,514

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 9/22/2018, 10:44:13 AM · Difficulty 11.7292 · 3,982,646 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
27ecc66547aa747c0cfb33bfda8b2d989f5d45e3dd5e89ec165c16675c033454

Height

#2,850,514

Difficulty

11.729242

Transactions

10

Size

6.60 KB

Version

2

Bits

0bbaaf97

Nonce

2,117,538,353

Timestamp

9/22/2018, 10:44:13 AM

Confirmations

3,982,646

Merkle Root

49cc56891f5c0c609342f3305389ec7a82e9fec69baef842c5d4e2fbe23e911e
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.858 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
18586041196251955653…80629234547222592321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.858 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
18586041196251955653…80629234547222592321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.717 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
37172082392503911307…61258469094445184641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.434 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
74344164785007822615…22516938188890369281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.486 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
14868832957001564523…45033876377780738561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.973 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
29737665914003129046…90067752755561477121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.947 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
59475331828006258092…80135505511122954241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.189 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11895066365601251618…60271011022245908481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.379 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
23790132731202503237…20542022044491816961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.758 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
47580265462405006474…41084044088983633921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
9.516 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
95160530924810012948…82168088177967267841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
1.903 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19032106184962002589…64336176355934535681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,909,459 XPM·at block #6,833,159 · updates every 60s
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