Block #284,055

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/29/2013, 11:54:14 PM · Difficulty 9.9821 · 6,517,531 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
dee5af3fde80848b73949a06e7067b96a7bcd4f65c3edbf4f11e0bc6d68cc732

Height

#284,055

Difficulty

9.982064

Transactions

6

Size

8.01 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fb6888

Nonce

26,932

Timestamp

11/29/2013, 11:54:14 PM

Confirmations

6,517,531

Merkle Root

70a607cc27011303c30f461d8e018007cc995d513b19a6b84fc254a014b6262b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.706 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27069647725440627652…55862338818708189939
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.706 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27069647725440627652…55862338818708189939
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.706 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27069647725440627652…55862338818708189941
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.413 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
54139295450881255304…11724677637416379879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.413 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
54139295450881255304…11724677637416379881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.082 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10827859090176251060…23449355274832759759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.082 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10827859090176251060…23449355274832759761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.165 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21655718180352502121…46898710549665519519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.165 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21655718180352502121…46898710549665519521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.331 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
43311436360705004243…93797421099331039039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.331 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
43311436360705004243…93797421099331039041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,656,773 XPM·at block #6,801,585 · updates every 60s
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