Block #284,049

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/29/2013, 11:50:38 PM · Difficulty 9.9821 · 6,526,183 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
679b9690a901d8d2dac5075f7d0b86028b87cf94ff0af71a407e973e847fba00

Height

#284,049

Difficulty

9.982052

Transactions

7

Size

6.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fb67c8

Nonce

13,588

Timestamp

11/29/2013, 11:50:38 PM

Confirmations

6,526,183

Merkle Root

96544900043555254c7cd47f703d4b234e1249a40fa15ccef8a3958ec3a03a27
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.197 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11979502665763377046…07433257897299529279
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.197 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11979502665763377046…07433257897299529279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.197 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11979502665763377046…07433257897299529281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.395 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
23959005331526754092…14866515794599058559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.395 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
23959005331526754092…14866515794599058561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.791 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
47918010663053508185…29733031589198117119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.791 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
47918010663053508185…29733031589198117121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
9.583 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
95836021326107016370…59466063178396234239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
9.583 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
95836021326107016370…59466063178396234241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.916 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19167204265221403274…18932126356792468479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.916 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19167204265221403274…18932126356792468481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,725,933 XPM·at block #6,810,231 · updates every 60s
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