Block #283,827

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/29/2013, 9:49:02 PM · Difficulty 9.9817 · 6,512,925 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
45f9d0222ec1996ee6ae4c2ea7b097856ee79109b39e9d104d8a50abab2d08f0

Height

#283,827

Difficulty

9.981685

Transactions

8

Size

2.59 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fb4fb6

Nonce

16,552

Timestamp

11/29/2013, 9:49:02 PM

Confirmations

6,512,925

Merkle Root

0f32e063611e46d34593cda478cb3a2d9a2534bb510db4111dc7a02dab97c0c9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.301 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13015072718817545811…12538011189368857601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.301 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13015072718817545811…12538011189368857601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.603 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
26030145437635091623…25076022378737715201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.206 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
52060290875270183247…50152044757475430401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.041 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10412058175054036649…00304089514950860801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.082 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
20824116350108073298…00608179029901721601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.164 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
41648232700216146597…01216358059803443201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
8.329 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
83296465400432293195…02432716119606886401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.665 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16659293080086458639…04865432239213772801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.331 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
33318586160172917278…09730864478427545601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.663 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
66637172320345834556…19461728956855091201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,618,024 XPM·at block #6,796,751 · updates every 60s
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