Block #283,455

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/29/2013, 5:59:47 PM · Difficulty 9.9812 · 6,523,398 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
174b95be9b3a47f5943dbf34c9e2eebbcca43cc8180142ea0c56f922bcd6ec6f

Height

#283,455

Difficulty

9.981153

Transactions

7

Size

2.42 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fb2cdb

Nonce

9,358

Timestamp

11/29/2013, 5:59:47 PM

Confirmations

6,523,398

Merkle Root

b45c2760a02e1caba056a46009cbd85ee99ad5050c6b8f84ac96b7442f3caafe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.656 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
66567050731958895334…66384113935253977101
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.656 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
66567050731958895334…66384113935253977101
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.331 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13313410146391779066…32768227870507954201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.662 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
26626820292783558133…65536455741015908401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.325 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
53253640585567116267…31072911482031816801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.065 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10650728117113423253…62145822964063633601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.130 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21301456234226846506…24291645928127267201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.260 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
42602912468453693013…48583291856254534401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.520 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
85205824936907386027…97166583712509068801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.704 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
17041164987381477205…94333167425018137601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,698,929 XPM·at block #6,806,852 · updates every 60s
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