Block #283,198

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/29/2013, 3:52:15 PM · Difficulty 9.9807 · 6,526,100 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
bb15793b0421f267486867d268bd81f13b97047169a0087536830b5de928134a

Height

#283,198

Difficulty

9.980650

Transactions

2

Size

2.11 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fb0be3

Nonce

2,170

Timestamp

11/29/2013, 3:52:15 PM

Confirmations

6,526,100

Merkle Root

f971a955bdfe7abeae005d8f0c0b321207aeb0941992cf50ffca1c3cc425e167
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.091 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
60918426908699653853…84402128881019548361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.091 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
60918426908699653853…84402128881019548361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.218 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12183685381739930770…68804257762039096721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.436 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
24367370763479861541…37608515524078193441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.873 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
48734741526959723082…75217031048156386881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.746 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
97469483053919446165…50434062096312773761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.949 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
19493896610783889233…00868124192625547521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.898 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
38987793221567778466…01736248385251095041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.797 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
77975586443135556932…03472496770502190081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.559 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
15595117288627111386…06944993541004380161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,718,454 XPM·at block #6,809,297 · updates every 60s
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