Block #2,831,528

1CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 9/9/2018, 9:46:56 AM · Difficulty 11.7171 · 4,000,196 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c5710ea48302055cda8f30d09e0b3755dabcad9ae1f7a411a2ee711c29d8b983

Height

#2,831,528

Difficulty

11.717068

Transactions

6

Size

1.63 KB

Version

2

Bits

0bb791c2

Nonce

100,148,729

Timestamp

9/9/2018, 9:46:56 AM

Confirmations

4,000,196

Merkle Root

a230fc0244104b7f141296f3e23185a1e67f3c82a7a00750fccec41aadcead21
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.129 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
91293073013649074021…77897553255926302719
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
9.129 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
91293073013649074021…77897553255926302719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
1.825 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18258614602729814804…55795106511852605439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
3.651 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
36517229205459629608…11590213023705210879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
7.303 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
73034458410919259217…23180426047410421759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.460 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14606891682183851843…46360852094820843519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
2.921 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
29213783364367703686…92721704189641687039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
5.842 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
58427566728735407373…85443408379283374079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.168 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11685513345747081474…70886816758566748159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.337 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
23371026691494162949…41773633517133496319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
4.674 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
46742053382988325899…83547267034266992639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
11
2^10 × origin − 1
9.348 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
93484106765976651798…67094534068533985279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,897,897 XPM·at block #6,831,723 · updates every 60s
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