Block #282,856

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/29/2013, 1:00:49 PM · Difficulty 9.9800 · 6,548,728 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
28c1a62fc09e07dac2bed3ce79dbc5968c570c98223f0186893d723fa3992e60

Height

#282,856

Difficulty

9.979973

Transactions

1

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fadf80

Nonce

1,537

Timestamp

11/29/2013, 1:00:49 PM

Confirmations

6,548,728

Merkle Root

f7291a372c33e46b2bdeb44c346d1d8cba0664ca85b50b82c888f8deb9355f83
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.392 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
83923911718351893712…23425798833767091201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.392 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
83923911718351893712…23425798833767091201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.678 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16784782343670378742…46851597667534182401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.356 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
33569564687340757485…93703195335068364801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.713 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
67139129374681514970…87406390670136729601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.342 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
13427825874936302994…74812781340273459201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.685 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
26855651749872605988…49625562680546918401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.371 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
53711303499745211976…99251125361093836801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.074 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
10742260699949042395…98502250722187673601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.148 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
21484521399898084790…97004501444375347201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,896,768 XPM·at block #6,831,583 · updates every 60s
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