Block #281,547

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/29/2013, 1:44:53 AM · Difficulty 9.9772 · 6,545,859 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
98e4c06de352a1125c53c1c317984a1885daeac459b0d7b95f60b0774d9a8941

Height

#281,547

Difficulty

9.977249

Transactions

7

Size

3.34 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fa2cf6

Nonce

50,941

Timestamp

11/29/2013, 1:44:53 AM

Confirmations

6,545,859

Merkle Root

0b8975de9a4e69c60ea9fee20e17821acc20bb75bf9eca3698b31c06f1720c26
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.281 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
22814768040915837236…98178651252995668201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.281 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
22814768040915837236…98178651252995668201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.562 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
45629536081831674473…96357302505991336401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.125 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
91259072163663348947…92714605011982672801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.825 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18251814432732669789…85429210023965345601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.650 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36503628865465339579…70858420047930691201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.300 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
73007257730930679158…41716840095861382401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.460 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14601451546186135831…83433680191722764801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.920 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29202903092372271663…66867360383445529601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.840 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
58405806184744543326…33734720766891059201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,863,353 XPM·at block #6,827,405 · updates every 60s
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