Block #281,476

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/29/2013, 1:02:40 AM · Difficulty 9.9771 · 6,526,891 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
cdedd3253aced2807d846476fbd6f0d01b45707ac2576f155fe128933153d6b3

Height

#281,476

Difficulty

9.977119

Transactions

2

Size

1.37 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fa247a

Nonce

153,898

Timestamp

11/29/2013, 1:02:40 AM

Confirmations

6,526,891

Merkle Root

5a0f9be69c26ea75553f047395371fd7ef4213ff3f279e6d0182966c67456412
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.024 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10246593414327406772…46134778823310558681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.024 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10246593414327406772…46134778823310558681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.049 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20493186828654813545…92269557646621117361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.098 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
40986373657309627091…84539115293242234721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.197 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
81972747314619254183…69078230586484469441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.639 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16394549462923850836…38156461172968938881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.278 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
32789098925847701673…76312922345937877761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.557 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
65578197851695403346…52625844691875755521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.311 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13115639570339080669…05251689383751511041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.623 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26231279140678161338…10503378767503022081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,710,989 XPM·at block #6,808,366 · updates every 60s
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