Block #2,805,499

2CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/22/2018, 9:12:10 PM · Difficulty 11.6681 · 4,034,577 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
b83bca68766c7e3b9095e02b3a6409fe0a4da003c4d80d6e9a9b0ce0a75cdfec

Height

#2,805,499

Difficulty

11.668109

Transactions

3

Size

2.80 KB

Version

2

Bits

0bab092f

Nonce

330,674,680

Timestamp

8/22/2018, 9:12:10 PM

Confirmations

4,034,577

Merkle Root

1b85019918909e4c5f90c6e81e64f1b2e237f4739e564ab49946ca7686a33da1
Transactions (3)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.524 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
25240318470966852862…73066246557941366721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.524 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
25240318470966852862…73066246557941366721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.048 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
50480636941933705725…46132493115882733441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.009 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10096127388386741145…92264986231765466881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.019 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20192254776773482290…84529972463530933761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.038 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
40384509553546964580…69059944927061867521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.076 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
80769019107093929160…38119889854123735041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.615 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16153803821418785832…76239779708247470081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.230 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
32307607642837571664…52479559416494940161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.461 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
64615215285675143328…04959118832989880321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.292 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12923043057135028665…09918237665979760641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
2.584 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25846086114270057331…19836475331959521281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
12
2^11 × origin + 1
5.169 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51692172228540114662…39672950663919042561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,964,915 XPM·at block #6,840,075 · updates every 60s
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