Block #280,140

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/28/2013, 2:16:04 PM · Difficulty 9.9737 · 6,514,707 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
8fb19f638ee0a4febd7faca95c156910770ca7b5ab99c121fe0193448b7b40fa

Height

#280,140

Difficulty

9.973721

Transactions

16

Size

9.00 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f945c4

Nonce

30,018

Timestamp

11/28/2013, 2:16:04 PM

Confirmations

6,514,707

Merkle Root

24342aba2c4d84bb02a3e85913fafe805fd57882cf74449ac2d40d4e92783cc5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.628 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
46281906495069705255…51247156974068766721
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.628 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
46281906495069705255…51247156974068766721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.256 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
92563812990139410511…02494313948137533441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.851 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18512762598027882102…04988627896275066881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.702 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37025525196055764204…09977255792550133761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.405 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
74051050392111528408…19954511585100267521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.481 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14810210078422305681…39909023170200535041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.962 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29620420156844611363…79818046340401070081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.924 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
59240840313689222727…59636092680802140161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.184 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11848168062737844545…19272185361604280321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.369 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23696336125475689090…38544370723208560641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,602,806 XPM·at block #6,794,846 · updates every 60s
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