Block #280,130

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/28/2013, 2:11:55 PM · Difficulty 9.9737 · 6,515,932 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
8d3e1173a15dfc59cd586c78253d79a372596cf5c1342f47faca38de173b0f26

Height

#280,130

Difficulty

9.973691

Transactions

4

Size

1.05 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f943d7

Nonce

1,850

Timestamp

11/28/2013, 2:11:55 PM

Confirmations

6,515,932

Merkle Root

aa69cf0f1f748664453752d9a222416352acbc5c2f6e4d7329cb4e0749aa3e74
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.037 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10374697576785461415…44644745259824162561
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.037 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10374697576785461415…44644745259824162561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.074 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
20749395153570922830…89289490519648325121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.149 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
41498790307141845661…78578981039296650241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.299 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
82997580614283691322…57157962078593300481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.659 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
16599516122856738264…14315924157186600961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.319 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
33199032245713476528…28631848314373201921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.639 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
66398064491426953057…57263696628746403841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.327 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
13279612898285390611…14527393257492807681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.655 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
26559225796570781223…29054786514985615361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,612,592 XPM·at block #6,796,061 · updates every 60s
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