Block #280,077

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/28/2013, 1:44:41 PM · Difficulty 9.9736 · 6,562,066 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
5255e9bde7e0998e7ed9c5a201c5d7dadb6c005cae8de7a8f8e8fb59e8e4c213

Height

#280,077

Difficulty

9.973554

Transactions

1

Size

1.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f93add

Nonce

3,221

Timestamp

11/28/2013, 1:44:41 PM

Confirmations

6,562,066

Merkle Root

432b4cdd041b4b63ad2d6b8373db40aefe2859bee513dd0b22a2e1d089118736
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.502 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
35021439272498112945…38570513046117226201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.502 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
35021439272498112945…38570513046117226201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.004 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
70042878544996225891…77141026092234452401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.400 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14008575708999245178…54282052184468904801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.801 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28017151417998490356…08564104368937809601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.603 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
56034302835996980712…17128208737875619201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.120 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11206860567199396142…34256417475751238401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.241 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
22413721134398792285…68512834951502476801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.482 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
44827442268797584570…37025669903004953601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.965 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
89654884537595169140…74051339806009907201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,981,533 XPM·at block #6,842,142 · updates every 60s
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