Block #278,522

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/28/2013, 12:28:36 AM · Difficulty 9.9692 · 6,516,396 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
2147c1f5acd9ec1a54c15ece35115b23bd0787a236b41b83fe60b0f2471a62cb

Height

#278,522

Difficulty

9.969200

Transactions

14

Size

8.33 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f81d7c

Nonce

20,906

Timestamp

11/28/2013, 12:28:36 AM

Confirmations

6,516,396

Merkle Root

7fe17ca44be651527b08fc66280a0730575990da5f22ddd7ff8137d963e90bfa
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.630 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26300635176435785924…56084080286120016001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.630 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26300635176435785924…56084080286120016001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.260 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
52601270352871571849…12168160572240032001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.052 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10520254070574314369…24336321144480064001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.104 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
21040508141148628739…48672642288960128001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.208 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
42081016282297257479…97345284577920256001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.416 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
84162032564594514959…94690569155840512001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.683 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16832406512918902991…89381138311681024001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.366 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
33664813025837805983…78762276623362048001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.732 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
67329626051675611967…57524553246724096001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,603,383 XPM·at block #6,794,917 · updates every 60s
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