Block #278,125

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/27/2013, 8:45:12 PM · Difficulty 9.9681 · 6,514,342 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
77aebaba36520865fe6a61945d3516fbf20f6b537e9df1506b8cea2107496800

Height

#278,125

Difficulty

9.968113

Transactions

1

Size

1.04 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f7d63b

Nonce

136,319

Timestamp

11/27/2013, 8:45:12 PM

Confirmations

6,514,342

Merkle Root

4a5218ae4f1809835859d6162ce371b621ee843c3f082bd57de987fdd20f721a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.932 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
19320591114978045545…30201955312245327361
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.932 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
19320591114978045545…30201955312245327361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.864 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
38641182229956091090…60403910624490654721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.728 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
77282364459912182181…20807821248981309441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.545 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
15456472891982436436…41615642497962618881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.091 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
30912945783964872872…83231284995925237761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.182 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
61825891567929745745…66462569991850475521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.236 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
12365178313585949149…32925139983700951041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.473 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
24730356627171898298…65850279967401902081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.946 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49460713254343796596…31700559934803804161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,583,698 XPM·at block #6,792,466 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.