Block #2,766,819

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 7/27/2018, 12:54:09 AM · Difficulty 11.6650 · 4,074,236 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
150940c23005aee0fc2a57847ed319337fbda2919ae2ade0a4dacb6fbe4c6213

Height

#2,766,819

Difficulty

11.665012

Transactions

38

Size

10.59 KB

Version

2

Bits

0baa3e3d

Nonce

1,051,191,609

Timestamp

7/27/2018, 12:54:09 AM

Confirmations

4,074,236

Merkle Root

503454bc6ffe8e2938b6ec8701ef53b04b36aafc519b1de0c1c903ce86cbfda1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.604 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36046935864011589172…06844612889856739839
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.604 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36046935864011589172…06844612889856739839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.604 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36046935864011589172…06844612889856739841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.209 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
72093871728023178344…13689225779713479679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.209 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
72093871728023178344…13689225779713479681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.441 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14418774345604635668…27378451559426959359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.441 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14418774345604635668…27378451559426959361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.883 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28837548691209271337…54756903118853918719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.883 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28837548691209271337…54756903118853918721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.767 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
57675097382418542675…09513806237707837439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.767 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
57675097382418542675…09513806237707837441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.153 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11535019476483708535…19027612475415674879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,972,804 XPM·at block #6,841,054 · updates every 60s
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