Block #2,757,797

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 7/20/2018, 5:59:06 PM · Difficulty 11.6671 · 4,075,937 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
4866663eadd37de70b798f6298bacdabd32c5ce483c6d3b21a77479a08e43ffd

Height

#2,757,797

Difficulty

11.667136

Transactions

11

Size

3.78 KB

Version

2

Bits

0baac975

Nonce

767,724,887

Timestamp

7/20/2018, 5:59:06 PM

Confirmations

4,075,937

Merkle Root

f66ffa3e16151a0993912b0b32ae74e4784d52a5836da323a4de680f3a8e15a2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.873 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
18732262814962741188…29528976623469074699
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.873 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
18732262814962741188…29528976623469074699
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.873 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
18732262814962741188…29528976623469074701
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.746 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
37464525629925482376…59057953246938149399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.746 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
37464525629925482376…59057953246938149401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
7.492 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
74929051259850964752…18115906493876298799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
7.492 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
74929051259850964752…18115906493876298801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.498 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14985810251970192950…36231812987752597599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.498 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14985810251970192950…36231812987752597601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.997 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
29971620503940385900…72463625975505195199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.997 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
29971620503940385900…72463625975505195201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
5.994 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
59943241007880771801…44927251951010390399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,914,096 XPM·at block #6,833,733 · updates every 60s
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