Block #273,219

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/25/2013, 4:43:16 PM · Difficulty 9.9544 · 6,537,489 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
22bb31e2bb3753d265bacac71162236c7415685a9bfaaf0018fcbdd2d2b4c097

Height

#273,219

Difficulty

9.954366

Transactions

2

Size

1.29 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f45157

Nonce

75,230

Timestamp

11/25/2013, 4:43:16 PM

Confirmations

6,537,489

Merkle Root

8f3927a78bfcd18e26e723a9cb69179a7ead35c43449095107c9f80d1cddba01
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.023 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
80237706696599165252…38662048875518502401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.023 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
80237706696599165252…38662048875518502401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.604 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
16047541339319833050…77324097751037004801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.209 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
32095082678639666101…54648195502074009601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.419 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
64190165357279332202…09296391004148019201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.283 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
12838033071455866440…18592782008296038401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.567 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
25676066142911732880…37185564016592076801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.135 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
51352132285823465761…74371128033184153601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.027 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
10270426457164693152…48742256066368307201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.054 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
20540852914329386304…97484512132736614401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,729,750 XPM·at block #6,810,707 · updates every 60s
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