Block #2,727,092

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 6/29/2018, 7:27:29 PM · Difficulty 11.6272 · 4,117,953 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
b0d50ce2fb34c73c64671f9c69b17eea8f5738aef1641358ccc4e666f705cb6d

Height

#2,727,092

Difficulty

11.627223

Transactions

9

Size

2.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ba091b7

Nonce

1,136,400,746

Timestamp

6/29/2018, 7:27:29 PM

Confirmations

4,117,953

Merkle Root

60670088852d747b1a2c876d88f8c934278f971b690e5e1c298c11407c26e9db
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.082 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
30826836010941127759…93972293231595417599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.082 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
30826836010941127759…93972293231595417599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.082 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
30826836010941127759…93972293231595417601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.165 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
61653672021882255518…87944586463190835199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.165 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
61653672021882255518…87944586463190835201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.233 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12330734404376451103…75889172926381670399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.233 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12330734404376451103…75889172926381670401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.466 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
24661468808752902207…51778345852763340799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.466 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
24661468808752902207…51778345852763340801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.932 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49322937617505804414…03556691705526681599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.932 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
49322937617505804414…03556691705526681601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
9.864 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
98645875235011608828…07113383411053363199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:58,004,783 XPM·at block #6,845,044 · updates every 60s
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