Block #271,590

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/24/2013, 5:31:45 PM · Difficulty 9.9521 · 6,570,544 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f8710cb758b965a9c33c45116e7af190e4518641c5163b263a191028e123e4b3

Height

#271,590

Difficulty

9.952101

Transactions

1

Size

935 B

Version

2

Bits

09f3bce5

Nonce

162

Timestamp

11/24/2013, 5:31:45 PM

Confirmations

6,570,544

Merkle Root

99220fc8398b1748d57eb6fc7f924f17005f1ee4534730ef071a9d3951b1e3ce
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.082 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40821821765053598336…04042781438928025601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.082 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40821821765053598336…04042781438928025601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.164 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
81643643530107196673…08085562877856051201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.632 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16328728706021439334…16171125755712102401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.265 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
32657457412042878669…32342251511424204801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.531 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
65314914824085757338…64684503022848409601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.306 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13062982964817151467…29369006045696819201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.612 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
26125965929634302935…58738012091393638401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.225 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
52251931859268605870…17476024182787276801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.045 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10450386371853721174…34952048365574553601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,981,461 XPM·at block #6,842,133 · updates every 60s
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