Block #2,704,307

2CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 6/13/2018, 11:07:45 PM · Difficulty 11.6291 · 4,126,972 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
18a0ec5b97add531dac8bae607a1df6a1c9c7a0030bc70d3c090d7dfbb440032

Height

#2,704,307

Difficulty

11.629139

Transactions

15

Size

5.93 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ba10f3f

Nonce

1,328,873,482

Timestamp

6/13/2018, 11:07:45 PM

Confirmations

4,126,972

Merkle Root

09c12bc99259763692cb1ce6fc233099e68d6d05c52d4974d990361d0c2dc1fe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.724 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
47248108366190467377…82595332307406083521
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.724 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
47248108366190467377…82595332307406083521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
9.449 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
94496216732380934754…65190664614812167041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.889 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
18899243346476186950…30381329229624334081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.779 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
37798486692952373901…60762658459248668161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
7.559 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
75596973385904747803…21525316918497336321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.511 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15119394677180949560…43050633836994672641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.023 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
30238789354361899121…86101267673989345281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
6.047 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
60477578708723798242…72202535347978690561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.209 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12095515741744759648…44405070695957381121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.419 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24191031483489519297…88810141391914762241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
4.838 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
48382062966979038594…77620282783829524481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
12
2^11 × origin + 1
9.676 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
96764125933958077188…55240565567659048961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,894,376 XPM·at block #6,831,278 · updates every 60s
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