Block #270,017

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/23/2013, 3:40:19 PM · Difficulty 9.9519 · 6,544,274 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
04050b1087916d35678b96e1bf0514587f310a04c98e7db32763cb022f2fe1d3

Height

#270,017

Difficulty

9.951940

Transactions

1

Size

2.11 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f3b259

Nonce

477,705

Timestamp

11/23/2013, 3:40:19 PM

Confirmations

6,544,274

Merkle Root

b48cbb40a2cb8f1d353f5496368e6884518f59defd0ea6c2df4c9cbc3f48812c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.014 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
30145587197190131601…07912714642614883601
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.014 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
30145587197190131601…07912714642614883601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.029 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
60291174394380263203…15825429285229767201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.205 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
12058234878876052640…31650858570459534401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.411 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
24116469757752105281…63301717140919068801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.823 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
48232939515504210562…26603434281838137601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.646 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
96465879031008421124…53206868563676275201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.929 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
19293175806201684224…06413737127352550401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.858 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
38586351612403368449…12827474254705100801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.717 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
77172703224806736899…25654948509410201601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,758,390 XPM·at block #6,814,290 · updates every 60s
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