Block #269,030

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/22/2013, 4:21:57 PM · Difficulty 9.9556 · 6,526,649 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
70c5a5820ff1ab3e8ec09e602d7f8a68821bef06cb33c2d9bcac17b4168e0f26

Height

#269,030

Difficulty

9.955634

Transactions

3

Size

37.23 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f4a476

Nonce

1,184,336

Timestamp

11/22/2013, 4:21:57 PM

Confirmations

6,526,649

Merkle Root

f941feefa308a2593a298ba141be4cebb9f7815ff0c248f14f3cd4f1a5d126ee
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.290 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
32900111409792321860…70196303155076723201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.290 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
32900111409792321860…70196303155076723201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.580 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
65800222819584643720…40392606310153446401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.316 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13160044563916928744…80785212620306892801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.632 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
26320089127833857488…61570425240613785601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.264 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
52640178255667714976…23140850481227571201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.052 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10528035651133542995…46281700962455142401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.105 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21056071302267085990…92563401924910284801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.211 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
42112142604534171981…85126803849820569601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.422 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
84224285209068343962…70253607699641139201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,609,500 XPM·at block #6,795,678 · updates every 60s
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