Block #268,748

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/22/2013, 9:19:21 AM · Difficulty 9.9568 · 6,548,339 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
45d2b0d067cc90edffd718b123dcd4e79a7a68949cd3f4899006dad7f64ab1e9

Height

#268,748

Difficulty

9.956797

Transactions

2

Size

1.73 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f4f0aa

Nonce

49,389

Timestamp

11/22/2013, 9:19:21 AM

Confirmations

6,548,339

Merkle Root

da43b81e99b7019d6c22c4a1b47ada3e5c29d5cc20542d0a62f1c75d30ab7a2b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.815 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18155021713621090728…02335174842045952001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.815 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18155021713621090728…02335174842045952001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.631 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36310043427242181457…04670349684091904001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
7.262 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
72620086854484362914…09340699368183808001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.452 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14524017370896872582…18681398736367616001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.904 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29048034741793745165…37362797472735232001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.809 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
58096069483587490331…74725594945470464001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.161 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11619213896717498066…49451189890940928001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.323 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
23238427793434996132…98902379781881856001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.647 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
46476855586869992265…97804759563763712001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,780,734 XPM·at block #6,817,086 · updates every 60s
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