Block #2,682,938

2CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/29/2018, 11:24:13 AM · Difficulty 11.6911 · 4,159,470 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
3bb12802af96080d17053c646a92e0fbf56bbcb05c0ee431be5eeeb8195f2dfb

Height

#2,682,938

Difficulty

11.691137

Transactions

12

Size

4.36 KB

Version

2

Bits

0bb0ee59

Nonce

1,591,058,183

Timestamp

5/29/2018, 11:24:13 AM

Confirmations

4,159,470

Merkle Root

1189575b90dc83ad8c343bea01c388dc759190a21542178fc282e7f3be8ea49c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.718 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27180280568623548484…50631672360046126081
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.718 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27180280568623548484…50631672360046126081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.436 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
54360561137247096968…01263344720092252161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.087 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10872112227449419393…02526689440184504321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.174 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21744224454898838787…05053378880369008641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.348 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
43488448909797677574…10106757760738017281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.697 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
86976897819595355148…20213515521476034561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.739 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17395379563919071029…40427031042952069121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.479 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34790759127838142059…80854062085904138241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.958 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
69581518255676284119…61708124171808276481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.391 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13916303651135256823…23416248343616552961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
2.783 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
27832607302270513647…46832496687233105921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
12
2^11 × origin + 1
5.566 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55665214604541027295…93664993374466211841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,983,677 XPM·at block #6,842,407 · updates every 60s
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