Block #268,137

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/21/2013, 9:05:35 PM · Difficulty 9.9578 · 6,524,638 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
f5ef17c032e3056f2c1509a85f0166d394069247dc46eb7b05b29ac473111810

Height

#268,137

Difficulty

9.957808

Transactions

2

Size

611 B

Version

2

Bits

09f532e5

Nonce

10,531

Timestamp

11/21/2013, 9:05:35 PM

Confirmations

6,524,638

Merkle Root

16ddd7feefc843dc0e55cdf5b339e8b083581a1c5ccbd9245a8fa8725e3f9ec6
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.196 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
11968167675656492478…15925160674900129921
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.196 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
11968167675656492478…15925160674900129921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.393 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
23936335351312984956…31850321349800259841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.787 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
47872670702625969912…63700642699600519681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.574 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
95745341405251939824…27401285399201039361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.914 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
19149068281050387964…54802570798402078721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.829 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
38298136562100775929…09605141596804157441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.659 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
76596273124201551859…19210283193608314881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.531 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
15319254624840310371…38420566387216629761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.063 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
30638509249680620743…76841132774433259521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
6.127 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
61277018499361241487…53682265548866519041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,586,181 XPM·at block #6,792,774 · updates every 60s
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