Block #266,652

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/20/2013, 2:58:04 PM · Difficulty 9.9604 · 6,550,106 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
055d831ab507c1b49c5f43ada63e8d5467d4914efc5b9a492d0cbb630852132c

Height

#266,652

Difficulty

9.960378

Transactions

6

Size

1.73 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f5db4d

Nonce

60,686

Timestamp

11/20/2013, 2:58:04 PM

Confirmations

6,550,106

Merkle Root

c8b597a105f137f432d36548dc4752ba60559883b5348e1931b84ae69876fb10
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.821 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
28215266482706764826…81521984707027256321
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.821 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
28215266482706764826…81521984707027256321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.643 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
56430532965413529652…63043969414054512641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.128 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
11286106593082705930…26087938828109025281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.257 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
22572213186165411861…52175877656218050561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.514 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
45144426372330823722…04351755312436101121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
9.028 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
90288852744661647444…08703510624872202241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.805 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
18057770548932329488…17407021249744404481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.611 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
36115541097864658977…34814042499488808961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
7.223 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
72231082195729317955…69628084998977617921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,778,095 XPM·at block #6,816,757 · updates every 60s
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