Block #265,820

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/19/2013, 10:27:04 PM · Difficulty 9.9616 · 6,559,183 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c828202a4c3ecd55ece879637faa2d414983089dfe1f078354a1a855036a3b37

Height

#265,820

Difficulty

9.961565

Transactions

2

Size

902 B

Version

2

Bits

09f62927

Nonce

3,538

Timestamp

11/19/2013, 10:27:04 PM

Confirmations

6,559,183

Merkle Root

698a1cf3cd377efadacb4106ccef5b455684dabc1536210f01b68f5e1d1f76b9
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.939 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
99399358040773350299…08725168943983555811
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
9.939 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
99399358040773350299…08725168943983555811
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.987 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
19879871608154670059…17450337887967111621
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.975 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
39759743216309340119…34900675775934223241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.951 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
79519486432618680239…69801351551868446481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.590 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
15903897286523736047…39602703103736892961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.180 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
31807794573047472095…79205406207473785921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.361 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
63615589146094944191…58410812414947571841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.272 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
12723117829218988838…16821624829895143681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.544 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
25446235658437977676…33643249659790287361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,844,107 XPM·at block #6,825,002 · updates every 60s
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