Block #265,351

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/19/2013, 11:51:40 AM · Difficulty 9.9628 · 6,543,064 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
56add82fd5a4f183519de572ebda1a84b3d87903b0e8341188284b803b517149

Height

#265,351

Difficulty

9.962795

Transactions

4

Size

11.06 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f679b5

Nonce

192,966

Timestamp

11/19/2013, 11:51:40 AM

Confirmations

6,543,064

Merkle Root

aba60d97fac6e1dc6427531f1b9a41eaa3314430dfbe62c1c89180a96be777ba
Transactions (4)
1 in → 1 out10.1900 XPM109 B
3 in → 1 out30.2500 XPM384 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.409 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34098665527504124545…10728138574088832001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.409 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34098665527504124545…10728138574088832001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
6.819 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
68197331055008249090…21456277148177664001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.363 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13639466211001649818…42912554296355328001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.727 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
27278932422003299636…85825108592710656001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
5.455 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
54557864844006599272…71650217185421312001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.091 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10911572968801319854…43300434370842624001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.182 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
21823145937602639708…86600868741685248001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
4.364 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
43646291875205279417…73201737483370496001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
8.729 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
87292583750410558835…46403474966740992001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,711,379 XPM·at block #6,808,414 · updates every 60s
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