Block #264,713

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/18/2013, 10:40:21 PM · Difficulty 9.9639 · 6,544,382 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e179b397e808edaca177747cbc14ad6935e11b1be454dc61d6c72d6f7785c2ac

Height

#264,713

Difficulty

9.963881

Transactions

1

Size

1.78 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f6c0ef

Nonce

21,611

Timestamp

11/18/2013, 10:40:21 PM

Confirmations

6,544,382

Merkle Root

f32d53e52dbd45a76164a2448300eb4d4918dc29c27fcb5192112b63eea45b25
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.898 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
88983352981780698182…05786490586886688801
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.898 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
88983352981780698182…05786490586886688801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.779 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17796670596356139636…11572981173773377601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.559 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
35593341192712279272…23145962347546755201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.118 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
71186682385424558545…46291924695093510401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.423 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14237336477084911709…92583849390187020801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.847 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28474672954169823418…85167698780374041601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.694 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
56949345908339646836…70335397560748083201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.138 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11389869181667929367…40670795121496166401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.277 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
22779738363335858734…81341590242992332801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,716,821 XPM·at block #6,809,094 · updates every 60s
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