Block #2,646,429

2CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 5/3/2018, 8:50:31 AM · Difficulty 11.7498 · 4,184,199 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
2ebac2a9700f2f4213a2587e5f1113e8ad6e9e4a242e7f83fe16145acab9eaed

Height

#2,646,429

Difficulty

11.749819

Transactions

3

Size

652 B

Version

2

Bits

0bbff41c

Nonce

867,855,643

Timestamp

5/3/2018, 8:50:31 AM

Confirmations

4,184,199

Merkle Root

51bb83e8131077c9d3b41c212303cc7f037307d6d66120f388aeccdf8354679b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.047 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20471664546563897166…98217739903794182401
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.047 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20471664546563897166…98217739903794182401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.094 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
40943329093127794332…96435479807588364801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.188 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
81886658186255588664…92870959615176729601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.637 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16377331637251117732…85741919230353459201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.275 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
32754663274502235465…71483838460706918401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.550 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
65509326549004470931…42967676921413836801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.310 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
13101865309800894186…85935353842827673601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.620 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
26203730619601788372…71870707685655347201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.240 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
52407461239203576745…43741415371310694401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.048 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
10481492247840715349…87482830742621388801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
2.096 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
20962984495681430698…74965661485242777601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
12
2^11 × origin + 1
4.192 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
41925968991362861396…49931322970485555201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,889,146 XPM·at block #6,830,627 · updates every 60s
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