Block #2,645,132

1CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 5/2/2018, 7:08:27 PM · Difficulty 11.7251 · 4,187,429 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
54374a4e1e22d6ce2cb1b449a1137d3629b14f010a195e3993f7abefcbe6602a

Height

#2,645,132

Difficulty

11.725052

Transactions

5

Size

1.19 KB

Version

2

Bits

0bb99cfc

Nonce

1,091,655,898

Timestamp

5/2/2018, 7:08:27 PM

Confirmations

4,187,429

Merkle Root

fc5b13cead7ccbbf50f8abc4a9742dbcf582eff6fe32cf1a9aa0ca003334523b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.010 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10101939613385486476…16930091665954641919
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.010 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10101939613385486476…16930091665954641919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
2.020 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20203879226770972952…33860183331909283839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
4.040 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40407758453541945905…67720366663818567679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
8.081 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
80815516907083891810…35440733327637135359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.616 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16163103381416778362…70881466655274270719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
3.232 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32326206762833556724…41762933310548541439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
6.465 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
64652413525667113448…83525866621097082879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.293 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12930482705133422689…67051733242194165759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.586 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25860965410266845379…34103466484388331519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
5.172 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
51721930820533690758…68206932968776663039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
11
2^10 × origin − 1
1.034 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10344386164106738151…36413865937553326079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
12
2^11 × origin − 1
2.068 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
20688772328213476303…72827731875106652159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,904,645 XPM·at block #6,832,560 · updates every 60s
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