Block #2,641,267

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/1/2018, 7:16:02 AM · Difficulty 11.6136 · 4,202,034 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
98c699c2b9f77d70d6b7277486280d7c934b1dcd281fd6c1f42f89d8fb24d265

Height

#2,641,267

Difficulty

11.613622

Transactions

7

Size

1.68 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b9d1657

Nonce

737,938,080

Timestamp

5/1/2018, 7:16:02 AM

Confirmations

4,202,034

Merkle Root

4ebe2b8fb406f9ae0e3dcd5c98f181108709828dfd7db2cdc77c7f5da8e0e794
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.245 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12459353567779592394…04019886357858197759
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.245 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12459353567779592394…04019886357858197759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.245 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12459353567779592394…04019886357858197761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.491 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24918707135559184788…08039772715716395519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.491 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24918707135559184788…08039772715716395521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.983 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49837414271118369576…16079545431432791039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.983 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49837414271118369576…16079545431432791041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
9.967 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
99674828542236739153…32159090862865582079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
9.967 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
99674828542236739153…32159090862865582081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.993 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19934965708447347830…64318181725731164159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.993 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
19934965708447347830…64318181725731164161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
3.986 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
39869931416894695661…28636363451462328319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,990,773 XPM·at block #6,843,300 · updates every 60s
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