Block #2,640,288

2CCLength 12★★★★☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/30/2018, 10:55:51 PM · Difficulty 11.5751 · 4,196,520 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
12bffb6ff908ed2f0c5f9251287de69cd85f4e6b54d7660f3d623ae3d3c7bda1

Height

#2,640,288

Difficulty

11.575087

Transactions

8

Size

2.00 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b9338ef

Nonce

228,906,479

Timestamp

4/30/2018, 10:55:51 PM

Confirmations

4,196,520

Merkle Root

72f3e1028e8264a99c79a7ede186ed2e67fd7b617f0ec6b850ded8641ffeba58
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.608 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
76084102218724382392…93655800157205114881
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
7.608 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
76084102218724382392…93655800157205114881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.521 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15216820443744876478…87311600314410229761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.043 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30433640887489752957…74623200628820459521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.086 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60867281774979505914…49246401257640919041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.217 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12173456354995901182…98492802515281838081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.434 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24346912709991802365…96985605030563676161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.869 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
48693825419983604731…93971210061127352321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
9.738 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
97387650839967209462…87942420122254704641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.947 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19477530167993441892…75884840244509409281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.895 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
38955060335986883785…51769680489018818561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
7.791 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
77910120671973767570…03539360978037637121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
12
2^11 × origin + 1
1.558 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
15582024134394753514…07078721956075274241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12

Around 1 in 10,000 blocks. A significant mathematical achievement.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,938,747 XPM·at block #6,836,807 · updates every 60s
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