Block #2,638,117

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 4/30/2018, 4:09:13 AM · Difficulty 11.4771 · 4,192,931 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4ad5b65fb3ec022e3a30da4b6a2face95c1aaeee11db8c07366b0ab3428992e9

Height

#2,638,117

Difficulty

11.477126

Transactions

30

Size

11.18 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b7a24e8

Nonce

1,312,289,311

Timestamp

4/30/2018, 4:09:13 AM

Confirmations

4,192,931

Merkle Root

e480c521e1c383230a239a6dc5715fee9e0f0ebb082d8295b3b7beea7219078d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.414 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14145963627961817221…72698129088746333481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.414 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14145963627961817221…72698129088746333481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.829 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28291927255923634443…45396258177492666961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.658 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
56583854511847268886…90792516354985333921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.131 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11316770902369453777…81585032709970667841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.263 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22633541804738907554…63170065419941335681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.526 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
45267083609477815108…26340130839882671361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.053 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
90534167218955630217…52680261679765342721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.810 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
18106833443791126043…05360523359530685441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.621 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
36213666887582252087…10721046719061370881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
7.242 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
72427333775164504174…21442093438122741761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
1.448 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
14485466755032900834…42884186876245483521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,892,520 XPM·at block #6,831,047 · updates every 60s
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