Block #2,634,929

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 4/29/2018, 1:53:28 AM · Difficulty 11.2800 · 4,202,063 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
eaedb8b0fe981241b2bd700ad4368e250822e111c2050a37531e1fc0459d6dd4

Height

#2,634,929

Difficulty

11.279950

Transactions

10

Size

3.16 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b47aad3

Nonce

68,279,634

Timestamp

4/29/2018, 1:53:28 AM

Confirmations

4,202,063

Merkle Root

e7cdbf1dee63101caae3af0c59ec5b26d385ae624b2fda49db23b1d752d3d509
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.569 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
45695898058729826508…73354092494046366719
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.569 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
45695898058729826508…73354092494046366719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.569 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
45695898058729826508…73354092494046366721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.139 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
91391796117459653016…46708184988092733439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.139 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
91391796117459653016…46708184988092733441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.827 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18278359223491930603…93416369976185466879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.827 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18278359223491930603…93416369976185466881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.655 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
36556718446983861206…86832739952370933759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.655 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
36556718446983861206…86832739952370933761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.311 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
73113436893967722413…73665479904741867519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.311 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
73113436893967722413…73665479904741867521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.462 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14622687378793544482…47330959809483735039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,940,237 XPM·at block #6,836,991 · updates every 60s
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