Block #263,404

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/17/2013, 6:49:52 PM · Difficulty 9.9663 · 6,544,937 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
90342f3384e22041a7b8192285a676969b93584e2c721a3b01d55cfa3cf81f93

Height

#263,404

Difficulty

9.966343

Transactions

1

Size

1.91 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f76248

Nonce

87,272

Timestamp

11/17/2013, 6:49:52 PM

Confirmations

6,544,937

Merkle Root

bd09f6d5d72477a17d99f1db1a622e2b4f2fd372723d470e9b63fb79c8b045fe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.189 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
41894329712459863976…13413357708697392501
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
4.189 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
41894329712459863976…13413357708697392501
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
8.378 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
83788659424919727952…26826715417394785001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.675 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
16757731884983945590…53653430834789570001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.351 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
33515463769967891181…07306861669579140001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.703 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
67030927539935782362…14613723339158280001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.340 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
13406185507987156472…29227446678316560001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.681 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
26812371015974312944…58454893356633120001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.362 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
53624742031948625889…16909786713266240001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.072 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10724948406389725177…33819573426532480001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,710,785 XPM·at block #6,808,340 · updates every 60s
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