Block #263,165

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/17/2013, 1:45:19 PM · Difficulty 9.9668 · 6,529,575 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
6114ace57c3be74dde25443f02cd1385ab750b2e79868b8ca5cd1d1e48b87cb1

Height

#263,165

Difficulty

9.966764

Transactions

6

Size

1.90 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f77dd7

Nonce

2,877

Timestamp

11/17/2013, 1:45:19 PM

Confirmations

6,529,575

Merkle Root

221fa71eb4a48c3d418725956520919261db49223758d1ae9e8a537f1b756a96
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.270 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22702738623188217554…89210791323100659681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.270 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22702738623188217554…89210791323100659681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.540 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45405477246376435109…78421582646201319361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
9.081 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
90810954492752870219…56843165292402638721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.816 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18162190898550574043…13686330584805277441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.632 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36324381797101148087…27372661169610554881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
7.264 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
72648763594202296175…54745322339221109761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.452 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14529752718840459235…09490644678442219521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.905 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29059505437680918470…18981289356884439041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.811 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
58119010875361836940…37962578713768878081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.162 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11623802175072367388…75925157427537756161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,585,903 XPM·at block #6,792,739 · updates every 60s
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