Block #263,114

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/17/2013, 12:18:47 PM · Difficulty 9.9671 · 6,539,466 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
6471e54e8dcea673b1e56c5496effe34de59979b1af7e4ad01f722d959a75165

Height

#263,114

Difficulty

9.967052

Transactions

5

Size

142.55 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f790b2

Nonce

98,463

Timestamp

11/17/2013, 12:18:47 PM

Confirmations

6,539,466

Merkle Root

e7820d19e5af33f121dd9c1d17511d32f2e28ba9b82cff2566eb01731e3654c3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.651 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
26516643209525414979…72185140483106016001
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.651 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
26516643209525414979…72185140483106016001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
5.303 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
53033286419050829959…44370280966212032001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.060 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10606657283810165991…88740561932424064001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
2.121 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
21213314567620331983…77481123864848128001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
4.242 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
42426629135240663967…54962247729696256001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
8.485 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
84853258270481327934…09924495459392512001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.697 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16970651654096265586…19848990918785024001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
3.394 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
33941303308192531173…39697981837570048001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
6.788 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
67882606616385062347…79395963675140096001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,664,657 XPM·at block #6,802,579 · updates every 60s
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